Immunomodulatory Hydrogels: Advanced Regenerative Tools for Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Abstract Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common complications diabetes, bringing physical and mental challenges for patients due to lack efficient curative therapy. Despite considerable advances in pharmacological surgical approaches, clinical trials DFU remain disappointing local overactive excessive inflammation. Immunomodulatory hydrogels has significant advantages overcome challenge DFUs Here, recent fabrication regenerative utilization functional altering immune microenvironment are comprehensively reviewed. The pathological features healing processes DFUs, followed by summarizing physicochemical properties essential design immunomodulation briefly introduced. Then, potential immuno‐therapeutic modalities emerging trends used treat via multitherapeutic approaches enhanced efficacy safety discussed. Taken together, linking structural their functions therapy with a particular focus on immunomodulatory stimuli, this review can promote further designing advanced resulting improved diabetic wound repair through translation into setting near future.